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Saint Helena
Header
Affiliation:
(dependent territory of the UK)
Saint Helena, Geography
Location:
Southern Africa, in the South Atlantic Ocean, 1,920 km west of Angola,
about two-thirds of the way between South America and Africa
Map references:
Africa
Area:
total area:
410 sq km
land area:
410 sq km
comparative area:
slightly more than 2.3 times the size of Washington, DC
note:
includes Ascension, Gough Island, Inaccessible Island, Nightingale
Island, and Tristan da Cunha
Land boundaries:
0 km
Coastline:
60 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone:
200 nm
territorial sea:
12 nm
International disputes:
none
Climate:
tropical; marine; mild, tempered by trade winds
Terrain:
rugged, volcanic; small scattered plateaus and plains
Natural resources:
fish; Ascension is a breeding ground for sea turtles and sooty terns,
no minerals
Land use:
arable land:
7%
permanent crops:
0%
meadows and pastures:
7%
forest and woodland:
3%
other:
83%
Irrigated land:
NA sq km
Environment:
current issues:
NA
natural hazards:
active volcanism on Tristan da Cunha
international agreements:
NA
Note:
Napoleon Bonaparte's place of exile and burial (the remains were taken
to Paris in 1840); harbors at least 40 species of plants unknown
anywhere else in the world
Saint Helena, People
Population:
6,741 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.31% (1994 est.)
Birth rate:
9.64 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Death rate:
6.55 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
37.24 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population:
74.75 years
male:
72.68 years
female:
76.58 years (1994 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.14 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Nationality:
noun:
Saint Helenian(s)
adjective:
Saint Helenian
Ethnic divisions:
NA
Religions:
Anglican (majority), Baptist, Seventh-Day Adventist, Roman Catholic
Languages:
English
Literacy:
age 15 and over can read and write (1987)
total population:
98%
male:
97%
female:
98%
Labor force:
2,516
by occupation:
professional, technical, and related workers 8.7%, managerial,
administrative, and clerical 12.8%, sales people 8.1%, farmer,
fishermen, etc. 5.4%, craftspersons, production process workers 14.7%,
others 50.3% (1987)
Saint Helena, Government
Names:
conventional long form:
none
conventional short form:
Saint Helena
Digraph:
SH
Type:
dependent territory of the UK
Capital:
Jamestown
Administrative divisions:
1 administrative area and 2 dependencies*; Ascension*, Saint Helena,
Tristan da Cunha*
Independence:
none (dependent territory of the UK)
National holiday:
Celebration of the Birthday of the Queen, 10 June 1989 (second
Saturday in June)
Constitution:
1 January 1989
Legal system:
NA
Suffrage:
NA
Executive branch:
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government:
Governor A. N. HOOLE (since NA)
cabinet:
Executive Council
Legislative branch:
unicameral
Legislative Council:
elections last held October 1984 (next to be held NA); results -
percent of vote by party NA; seats - (15 total, 12 elected) number of
seats by party NA
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders:
Saint Helena Labor Party; Saint Helena Progressive Party
note:
both political parties inactive since 1976
Member of:
ICFTU
Diplomatic representation in US:
none (dependent territory of the UK)
US diplomatic representation:
none (dependent territory of the UK)
Flag:
blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the
Saint Helenian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the
shield features a rocky coastline and three-masted sailing ship
Saint Helena, Economy
Overview:
The economy depends primarily on financial assistance from the UK. The
local population earns some income from fishing, the raising of
livestock, and sales of handicrafts. Because there are few jobs, a
large proportion of the work force has left to seek employment
overseas.
National product:
GDP $NA
National product real growth rate:
NA%
National product per capita:
$NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
-1.1% (1986)
Unemployment rate:
NA%
Budget:
revenues:
$3.2 million
expenditures:
$2.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1984 est.)
Exports:
$23,900 (f.o.b., 1984)
commodities:
fish (frozen and salt-dried skipjack, tuna), handicrafts
partners:
South Africa, UK
Imports:
$2.4 million (c.i.f., 1984)
commodities:
food, beverages, tobacco, fuel oils, animal feed, building materials,
motor vehicles and parts, machinery and parts
partners:
UK, South Africa
External debt:
$NA
Industrial production:
growth rate NA%
Electricity:
capacity:
9,800 kW
production:
10 million kWh
consumption per capita:
1,390 kWh (1989)
Industries:
crafts (furniture, lacework, fancy woodwork), fishing
Agriculture:
maize, potatoes, vegetables; timber production being developed;
crawfishing on Tristan da Cunha
Economic aid:
recipient:
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments
(1992-93), $13.5 million
Currency:
1 Saint Helenian pound (#S) = 100 pence
Exchange rates:
Saint Helenian pounds (#S) per US$1 - 0.6699 (January 1994), 0.6033
(1993), 0.5664 (1992), 0.5652 (1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989);
note - the Saint Helenian pound is at par with the British pound
Fiscal year:
1 April - 31 March
Saint Helena, Communications
Highways:
total:
NA (mainland 107 km, Ascension NA, Tristan da Cunha NA)
paved:
169.7 km (mainland 87 km, Ascension 80 km, Tristan da Cunha 2.70 km)
unpaved:
NA (mainland 20 km earth roads, Ascension NA, Tristan da Cunha NA)
Ports:
Jamestown (Saint Helena), Georgetown (Ascension)
Airports:
total:
1
usable:
1
with permanent-surface runways:
1
with runways over 3,659 m:
0
with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
1
with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
0
Telecommunications:
1,500 radio receivers; broadcast stations - 1 AM, no FM, no TV; 550
telephones in automatic network; HF radio links to Ascension, then
into worldwide submarine cable and satellite networks; major coaxial
submarine cable relay point between South Africa, Portugal, and UK at
Ascension; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations
Saint Helena, Defense Forces
Note:
defense is the responsibility of the UK